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Gas Concentration Units and Unit Conversions

Gas Concentration Units and Unit Conversions

On the most fundamental level, the signal from the sensor of a gas analyser gives the number of gas molecules, usually along an optical light beam or in a certain sampling volume. However, a concentration should not be expressed in number of molecules – the number would be far too big. Instead, it is scaled to a unit of weight-per-cubic-metre or volumetric share. How is the scaling done?
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Continuous Emissions Monitoring – What, Why, and How?

Continuous Emissions Monitoring – What, Why, and How?

Combustion-based heat and power production has historically been an environmental culprit. However, increased awareness and legislative requirements have improved the situation notably over the past decades. But which rules apply, which emissions-to-air limits are there, and how are the emissions determined?
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Instrument Interfaces

Instrument Interfaces

A lot of efforts are usually spent on gas concentration measurements and making sure that the measurements are correct. However, all that is of little value if the resulting data is not available. Here is where the instrument interfaces come in play.
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Regulating Mercury Emissions

Regulating Mercury Emissions

Have you heard of new and strict regulations on mercury emissions within the European Union? If you are responsible for the operations at a waste incineration facility, you probably have. But what’s the issue with mercury, and what do the EU regulations say?
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Pollutants in Emissions to Air – What’s in the Smoke?

Pollutants in Emissions to Air – What’s in the Smoke?

Back in the nineteenth century or so, industries pouring out smoke through the stacks were considered signs of progress and prosperity. However, that changed when the effects of the emissions became apparent, including smog, acid rain, and respiratory diseases. Nowadays, the smoke is usually much cleaner thanks to more efficient production processes and flue gas treatment, but there’s still smoke. What’s in it?
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